Preheat your oven to 350°F. Prepare a 9-inch springform pan by spraying it well with floured cooking spray or greasing and flouring the pan. This prevents the cake from sticking and ensures a clean release.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, combine ¼ cup unsalted butter, ¾ cup granulated sugar, and sour cream. Mix on medium-high speed until the mixture is pale, light, and fluffy, which should take about 3 minutes.
Add in the eggs, canola oil, vanilla extract, and cinnamon. Beat until everything is smooth and well incorporated, taking another 3 minutes.
Now, it's time to add the dry ingredients. Gradually mix in the flour, baking soda, and salt. Beat until just incorporated; don't overmix, about 1 minute on medium speed should do.
Spread the batter evenly into your prepared springform pan and set it aside while you prepare the filling.
In a medium, microwave-safe bowl, place the ½ cup unsalted butter and heat it on high power until it just begins to melt, which should take about 1 minute.
Add the light brown sugar and cinnamon to the melted butter, whisking until everything is well combined.
Spread the filling mixture over the top of the cake batter in an even, smooth layer, similar to frosting a cake. Using a table knife, gently swirl back and forth to marble the filling into the cake batter. Aim for about 1 minute of swirling to ensure the filling is evenly distributed.
Place your pan on a baking sheet. This is a precaution in case your springform pan doesn’t have a perfect seal. Bake for about 45 to 50 minutes, or until the topping has set and a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Keep an eye on the edges, as they might brown too quickly.
Let the cake cool in the pan for at least 30 minutes before glazing or serving. This cooling time helps the cake set.
For the glaze, in a medium bowl, combine cream cheese, cream, and vanilla extract. Whisk until smooth and combined.
Gradually add the confectioners' sugar, whisking until it reaches your desired consistency. You can adjust the sugar and cream ratios as needed.
Finally, drizzle the glaze evenly over the cooled cake and serve it up!